Because the sun’s rays are hitting more directly at either above or below the equator depending on the time of year. Why not just look up a video? That will be much easier to understand than people trying to give you a written explanation. There are no doubt many images and videos demonstrating and explaining this.
Sun rays pass through more atmosphere to the hemisphere that is tilted away from it, thus absorbing more energy than the part of the atmosphere directly facing the sun. Also due to the angle of rotation, winter days are shorter, causing even less total energy reaching those areas in a day.
The sun is lower on the horizon. Since the earths surface curve away more sharply from the sun the radiation from the sun provides less energy per square meter.
Because of this there is less energy incoming every day. This means that the temperature drops until there is a new equilibrium between heat gain and heat loss. Ie, it gets colder.
Go outside with a flat object, and hold it flat to the sun, look at the size of the shadow.
Now tilt it 45 degrees and look at the size of the shadow. This difference in amount of sunlight hitting the object is about the effect you get at the tropic of cancer or the tropic of capricorn.
Tilt it another 45 degrees so you’re edge on, and that’s about the effect you get when you’re on the edge of the arctic or antarctic circle.
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Because the sun’s rays are hitting more directly at either above or below the equator depending on the time of year. Why not just look up a video? That will be much easier to understand than people trying to give you a written explanation. There are no doubt many images and videos demonstrating and explaining this.
Sun rays pass through more atmosphere to the hemisphere that is tilted away from it, thus absorbing more energy than the part of the atmosphere directly facing the sun. Also due to the angle of rotation, winter days are shorter, causing even less total energy reaching those areas in a day.
Two factors influence the temperature.
Because of this there is less energy incoming every day. This means that the temperature drops until there is a new equilibrium between heat gain and heat loss. Ie, it gets colder.
Go outside with a flat object, and hold it flat to the sun, look at the size of the shadow.
Now tilt it 45 degrees and look at the size of the shadow. This difference in amount of sunlight hitting the object is about the effect you get at the tropic of cancer or the tropic of capricorn.
Tilt it another 45 degrees so you’re edge on, and that’s about the effect you get when you’re on the edge of the arctic or antarctic circle.