Was the Roman poet Ovid anti-authoritarian and did he dislike Augustus and the empire?

r/

hello everyone!

Discussing in some spaces of mythology enthusiasts, it is often said that Ovid was “anti-authoritarian”. This is said in relation to his portrayal of the gods in the Metamorphoses, particularly the way he portrayed Athena/Minerva in the Medusa myth: Athena is particularly cruel because she punishes Medusa, a victim of rape.

Now, I would like to know whether indeed Ovid can be called “anti-authoritarian.”

from what I knew, Ovid tried to write an epic poem that fit within the canons of Augustus, not fully succeeding, although that was his intent. As for the exile, several causes have been hypothesized, such as certain sexual scandals involving Augustus.

But what I would like to know is: did Ovid really dislike Augustus? Can we read in his works some sort of sentiment against Augustus and the empire?

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